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README
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1994-03-22
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SmartPass(tm) v1.0 Password Security Analyzer
Copyright 1994, e.g. Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved
==================
What is SmartPass?
==================
SmartPass is a NetWare Loadable Module (NLM) that works on
Novell NetWare Servers. It is designed to identify
potential holes in your server security system by scanning
your user accounts against pre-defined databases of easy to
guess or obvious ("weak") passwords.
SmartPass comes equipped with more than 10 databases
containing over 120,000 common passwords such as:
Common Words
Computer Jargon
Names of Famous People
Common First and Last Names
Places Around the Globe
etc...
In addition to these databases, SmartPass utilizes
algorithms to identify other common passwords sequences such
as:
Blank Passwords
Matching User Names and Passwords
Dates (American & European formats)
SmartPass compares each password in the selected databases
to each of the user accounts on the server and compiles a
list of "weak" passwords found.
SmartPass allows you to customize different password
scanning options and provides the following features:
Enable/Disable individual databases to scan.
Support for user-supplied databases.
Scan "All Users" or "Supervisors Only."
Scheduler for automatic scanning.
User and/or Supervisor alerting when weak passwords are
found.
Automatically expire weak passwords.
Scan automatically when passwords are changed.
On-screen display of scan progress.
Secured list of weak passwords found.
No modification of user account or workstations setup
needed.
Server-based solution - no TSRs needed.
With SmartPass installed and used on a regular basis, your
server's vulnerability to intruders and hackers is
significantly reduced.
============================
Why you should use SmartPass
============================
The most sophisticated network security system is
ineffective when weak passwords are used. A single user or
supervisor with a weak password may be the backdoor to your
entire network.
This risk is magnified in open networks where you have no
control over the individuals that may try to access your
network. Examples of open networks are:
* Dial-in servers connected to your network.
* Use of remote control packages on workstations
attached to your network.
* Wide Area Networks (WANs) with inter-network
access from multiple sites.
* Internet access to your server.
* Remote node connections via modem.
* Wireless networks.
For both open and local networks, your control of who is
accessing or trying to access your network is minimal.
Since your security system relies entirely on the strength
of users' passwords, SmartPass ensures that a weak password
will not undermine the security of your network.
====================
Installing SmartPass
====================
You must have Supervisor rights to the server on which you
will be installing SmartPass. You will also need either
physical access to the server console or to use RCONSOLE.
1) From a workstation, login to the server on which you wish
to install SmartPass.
2) Make a sub-directory on your server that will hold the
SmartPass program. It is recommended that you put this
on the SYS: volume and name it SMRTPASS.
3) Copy all of the files from the SmartPass program diskette
into this sub-directory (i.e. COPY A:\*.* SMRTPASS).
==============================
Hardware/Software Requirements
==============================
* NetWare 3.11, 3.12, 4.x, or SFT III
* 300K of free memory on server
* 1.5 MB of free disk space on server
* 3.5" 1.44 MB high-density floppy drive
=================
Loading SmartPass
=================
To load SmartPass from the server console or from the
RCONSOLE program, switch to the "System Console." From the
":" prompt type "LOAD SYS:SMRTPASS\SMRTPASS.NLM" and press
the <ENTER> key.
If you would like SmartPass to load every time the server is
booted, edit your AUTOEXEC.NCF file and add the line:
LOAD SYS:SMRTPASS\SMRTPASS.NLM
===============
Using SmartPass
===============
The Status Monitor
==================
Immediately after loading SmartPass, the Status Monitor is
displayed at the top of the screen with the Main Menu
underneath it.
The Status Monitor displays initial data about the system
such as: Number of Users on this server, Number of databases
selected, and Total Number of passwords in the selected
databases. SmartPass also estimates how many passwords will
be verified per second and the total time it will take to
scan all the Users or Supervisors against the selected
databases.
When a scan is started, the above-mentioned information is
updated every second, and the monitor displays the current
user and database being scanned as well as the number of
weak passwords found so far.
Starting a Scan for Weak Passwords
==================================
To Start a scan for weak passwords, simply select the <Start
Password Scan> entry from the Main Menu (under the Status
Monitor).
Once the scan begins, the Main Menu displays two new
options:
<Stop Password Scan> - stops the scan immediately.
<View Weak Passwords> - suspends the scan and displays
the weak passwords found so far.
*Note: To view the Weak Passwords List, a user name and
password must be provided that has supervisor rights.
During the scan, press:
<F2> to suspend the scan.
<F3> to skip to the next User.
<F4> to skip to the next Database.
View Weak Passwords Found
=========================
When a scan for weak passwords is finished, the Main Menu
reverts to its original format. You can then select the
<View Weak Passwords Found> option. To view the weak
passwords list, a user name and password must be provided
that has supervisor rights.
The list of weak passwords displays the User Name, the Weak
Password found and the Database of Weak Passwords in which
it was found.
Individual users can be highlighted using the <Up>/<Down>
arrow keys.
The following options are available when viewing the Weak
Passwords List.
Clear the List of Weak Passwords - (<F2> Clear List)
-----------------------------------------------
To clear the list of Weak Passwords found and set the number
of Weak Passwords found in the Status Monitor to zero, press
<F2>.
Change Password (<F3> Change Pswd)
----------------------------------
To change a user's weak password, select the user (using the
<Up>/<Down> arrow keys) and press <F3>.
Expire Password (<F4> Expire)
-----------------------------
To expire a user's weak password, select the user (using the
<Up>/<Down> arrow keys) and press <F4>.
Users will be required to change their passwords the next
time they log into the server.
* Note: this option will only work if the server has been
configured to expire passwords using SYSCON or NWADMIN.
Printing the List (<F5> Print)
------------------------------
To print the list of passwords, press <F5>. You must have a
print queue defined on the server.
Important Warning!
For security reasons it is not recommended to make or keep
any hard copies of password lists. Dispose of any hard
copies you make as soon as possible in a secure manner.
Return to the Main Menu and Status Monitor (<ESC> Exit)
-------------------------------------------------------
To return to the Main Menu and Status Monitor, press <ESC>.
For security reasons, SmartPass will return to the Main Menu
automatically if the keyboard is inactive for more than two
minutes.
Program Options
===============
To change the SmartPass Program Options, select <Program
Options> from the Main Menu.
Moving Around the Program Options Screen
----------------------------------------
To select the option you wish to change, use the <Up>/<Down>
arrow keys. To switch to and from the Databases to Scan
list, press the <F10> key. To change a selected option, use
the <Left>/<Right> arrow keys. To change any text field of a
selected option (e.g. User name to notify or Scan start
time), use the <Left> or <Right> arrow and type the text.
The following program options are available:
Users Whose Passwords to Check
==============================
Two options are available:
All Users (Default):
--------------------
Will scan All Users (Including Supervisors) for weak
passwords.
Supervisors Only:
-----------------
Will scan only Users with Supervisor rights for weak
passwords.
Scan Order
==========
Two options are available:
All databases per User (Default):
---------------------------------
SmartPass scans all selected weak password databases
for each user. When SmartPass is done scanning one
user for all databases it will go on to the next user.
All Users per Database:
-----------------------
Scans all users for each selected weak password
database. When SmartPass is done scanning all users for
one database it will go on to the next database.
In both cases SmartPass is scanning all users for all
selected databases, the only difference is the scanning
order.
Administrator to Notify
=======================
A text field that contains a valid user name that will
receive a broadcast message when weak passwords are found.
Default is SUPERVISOR.
You may enter the user name of an administrator to notify
when weak passwords are found.
Schedule a Scan
===============
Four options are available:
Every Day (Default):
-------------------
SmartPass will automatically start a scan every day at
the time specified in <Scan Start Time>.
Weekends:
---------
SmartPass will automatically start a scan on Saturdays
and Sundays at the time specified in <Scan Start Time>.
Weekdays:
---------
SmartPass will automatically start a scan every day
except Saturdays and Sundays at the time specified in
<Scan Start Time>.
None:
-----
No scheduled scan - ignores the <Scan Start Time>.
Scan Start Time
===============
A 24 hour clock is used (Default is 20:00:00).
Here you may specify the time to start the scan specified in
the <Schedule a Scan> option.
For example, if you wish SmartPass to start a scan every day
at 11:00pm:
1. Set the Schedule a Scan option to Every Day.
2. Type in the Scan Start Time field: 23:00:00
Automatically Scan User After Password Change
=============================================
Two options are available:
Enabled (Default):
------------------
When a user changes his/her password, SmartPass will
automatically scan the new password.
Disabled:
---------
Automatic Scan on change password is disabled.
It is recommended to leave this option enabled. Once you
have scanned all users for weak passwords using the
Scheduler or manually from the Main Menu, SmartPass will
automatically scan all new passwords introduced by users to
the server (i.e. by using the SETPASS program).
Automatically Expire Weak Passwords If Found
============================================
Two options are available:
Enabled (Default):
------------------
When a weak password is found, SmartPass will
automatically expire it, thus forcing the user to
change it the next time he/she logs into the server.
Disabled:
---------
Automatically Expire Weak Passwords is disabled.
Notify Weak Password Owner
==========================
Two options are available:
Enabled (Default):
------------------
When a weak password is found, SmartPass will
automatically notify the user who owns the password by
sending a network message.
Disabled:
---------
Notify Weak Password owner is disabled.
Selecting Databases to Scan
===========================
To Select Databases to Scan, press <F10>.
You may use the <Up>/<Down> arrow keys to scroll through the
different databases available. Use the <ENTER> key to
Select/Deselect the databases SmartPass will use to scan for
weak passwords.
A selected database will be marked with a check mark.
Press <F10> to switch back to the program options.
Available Databases
-------------------
Matching User Names & Passwords
Blank Passwords
United States Dates (mm/dd/yy)
European Dates (dd/mm/yy)
Places Around The Globe
Common English Words
Computer Terms & Jargon
Famous People
Common First Names
Common Last Names
Common Passwords
Defining Your Own Databases
===========================
SmartPass allows you to add up to 16 user-defined databases.
When SmartPass loads, it scans for any file with a .TXT
extension that exists in the SmartPass program directory and
assumes this to be a user defined database. These databases
(*.TXT) will be added to the "Program Options - Databases To
Scan" list, though they will not be selected. Go to the
"Program Options" screen and enable the databases you wish
to scan.
To see a sample user-defined database, load "USER.TXT" in a
text editor. The first line of this database contains a
description followed by the number of passwords in the
database. The following lines contain the passwords.
Unloading SmartPass
===================
To unload SmartPass - Select <Exit and Unload> from the Main
Menu.
Why are the SmartPass databases encrypted ?
===========================================
Although hackers and intruders have easy access to weak
password databases, we thought it would not be smart to make
the SmartPass databases available in a simple text format.
We would not want these Databases be used with existing
hacking tools. This is also the main reason why SmartPass
is a server-based application (NLM) and not a workstation
application that can be accessed by any user.
How to Improve the Security on your NetWare Servers
====================================================
The following options can be set from the SYSCON.EXE or the
NWADMIN.EXE.
1. Turn on the Intruder Detection option.
2. Require users to pick long passwords (8 characters
minimum).
3. Require Users to change their passwords frequently.
4. Require Users to use unique passwords (different password
every time they change it).
The following are security tools which are available for
NetWare Servers.
1. Install a Weak Password Analyzer. Passwords are the only
line of defense for NetWare Servers: scan your users for
weak passwords at least once a weak (use SmartPass
of course!). Turn on the automatic scan for every
password change: this will ensure that any new user or
new password is scanned.
2. Install a Security Auditing NLM - it will provide you
with all of the "who, when and where" information for
access to your server.
3. Install an Anti-Virus NLM - Viruses are a great threat
for servers, especially if the supervisors or
administrators are infected.
4. Make frequent and regular backups of your server.
Take the backup tapes off-site. A recent backup will put
your server back to work even after a disaster.
Contacting e.g. Software, Inc.
==============================
e.g. Software, Inc.
(503) 294-0317 Sales
(503) 294-7025 Main
(503) 294-7130 FAX
(503) 294-7195 BBS